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• File:C605-Figure-20.jpg  + (Photographs showing the Springfield Coal “ … Photographs showing the Springfield Coal “split” by massive siltstone in the Millennium Mine. The lower view is a close-up of the upper view. Notice the ragged splaying of coal layers into the siltstone from both above and below, with one coal stringer crossing diagonally from the lower to the upper coal “bench.” Combined with the absence of roots beneath the upper bench, such geometry implies that the upper part of the peat deposit was rafted. Enlarged view at right. Brown and yellow stains resulted from iron-rich water seeping through the coal. iron-rich water seeping through the coal.)
• File:C605-Figure-13.jpg  + (Photographs showing the ragged, erosive co … Photographs showing the ragged, erosive contact between the light-colored siltstone of the Dykersburg Member and the underlying coaly shale of the Galatia Member in the channel crossing at the Galatia Mine, Saline County, Illinois. (a) View of the east wall of the entry. Coaly shale of the Galatia Member grades laterally northward (left, out of view) to shaly Springfield Coal. The pick is approximately 2 ft (60 cm) long. (b) Close-up view on the west wall of the entry. The heart of the Galatia channel is south (left) of view. Notice how erosion undercut the clay below layers of tough, fibrous peat. clay below layers of tough, fibrous peat.)
• File:C605-Figure-11.jpg  + (Photographs showing thinly interlaminated shale and dull to bright coal along margins of the Galatia channel at the Prosperity Mine in Gibson County, Indiana. The lower frame is a closer view of the upper. The ruler is graduated in 0.1-ft intervals.)
• File:Penn carbondale plate4-1.jpg  + (Plate 4-1. Generalized chart showing named members and beds of the Carbondale Formation. All are members unless “bed” is specified. © University of Illinois Board of Trustees.)
• File:C605-Figure-23.jpg  + (Profile view of the disturbance Figure 21b in the Millennium Mine. The map shows the relationship to the Galatia channel.)
• File:C605-Figure-22.jpg  + (Profile view of the disturbance in Figure 21a in the Millennium Mine, Saline County, Illinois.)
• File:C605-Figure-03.jpg  + (Satellite image of the mouth of the Mississippi River showing natural levees and crevasse splays. Fron Earthstar Geographic SIO, © 2020.)
• File:C605-Figure-58.jpg  + (Stage 10: Marine regression begins the next cycle.)
• File:C605-Figure-49.jpg  + (Stage 1: Deposition of the Delafield Member as a series of coalescing deltas during the onset of a glacial stage as the sea level began to fall. The product is a thick succession of clastic rocks that coarsen upward.)
• File:C605-Figure-50.jpg  + (Stage 2: Channel incision of delta sediments.)

• File:C605-Figure-51.jpg  + (Stage 3: The Galatia channel developed a meander belt.)

• File:C605-Figure-52.jpg  + (Stage 4: The change to a humid climate caused the Springfield peat to begin to form.)
• File:C605-Figure-53.jpg  + (Stage 5: Springfield peat accumulates across a large area of the basin.)
• File:C605-Figure-54.jpg  + (Stage 6: A warming climate brought rapid melting of the glaciers and a sea-level rise. The Galatia channel became an estuary, subject to strong tidal currents.)
• File:C605-Figure-55.jpg  + (Stage 7: Peat swamps drowned as the estuary became an embayment. Dykersburg sediments rapidly buried the peat.)
• File:C605-Figure-56.jpg  + (Stage 8: As the transgression continued apace, the entire basin area was submerged in deep water, which became stratified and anoxic, and black mud (Turner Mine Shale) was deposited.)
• File:C605-Figure-57.jpg  + (Stage 9: Normal marine circulation resumed near the apex of an interglacial stage (marine highstand), bringing a brief interlude of carbonate sedimentation (St. David Limestone).)
• File:C605-Figure-40.jpg  + (Stratigraphic column showing the units mentioned in the section on channels affecting coal seams other than the Springfield.)
• File:C605-Figure-05a.jpg  + (Wireline log illustrating the typical resp … Wireline log illustrating the typical response of key units. (a) Electric log of Carter Oil No. 1 Beers well in sec. 28, T8S, R4E, Williamson County, Illinois (county no. 2107). B, Brereton Limestone; H, Herrin Coal; Sp, Springfield Coal; Han, Hanover Limestone; HC, Houchin Creek Coal; SV, Survant Coal; MQ, Mecca Quarry Shale; C, Colchester Coal. (b) Gamma-ray–resistivity log of Peabody Natural Gas No. 2 Short, in sec. 14, T7S, R7E, Hamilton County (county no. 25375)., R7E, Hamilton County (county no. 25375).)
• File:C605-Figure-05b.jpg  + (Wireline log illustrating the typical resp … Wireline log illustrating the typical response of key units. (a) Electric log of Carter Oil No. 1 Beers well in sec. 28, T8S, R4E, Williamson County, Illinois (county no. 2107). B, Brereton Limestone; H, Herrin Coal; Sp, Springfield Coal; Han, Hanover Limestone; HC, Houchin Creek Coal; SV, Survant Coal; MQ, Mecca Quarry Shale; C, Colchester Coal. (b) Gamma-ray–resistivity log of Peabody Natural Gas No. 2 Short, in sec. 14, T7S, R7E, Hamilton County (county no. 25375)., R7E, Hamilton County (county no. 25375).)