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Figure 4-32. Graphic log for the ISGS No. 1 CNX Railroad borehole in sec. 8, T 9 N, R 12 W, Clark County, Illinois, the reference section for the Survant Coal (merged Wheeler and Bevier Coals). © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-33. Graphic logs of three cores from Iowa illustrating the Wheeler and Bevier Coals. From Ravn et al. (1984). Figure provided courtesy of the Iowa Geological Survey, the University of Iowa. These cores are reference sections for both units. +
Figure 4-34. Map showing the distribution of the Survant Coal and its components in Illinois. © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-35. Graphic log from the Audubon Oil & Gas No. 1 Birkner borehole in sec. 24, T 4 S, R 6 E, Hamilton County, Illinois, showing overthickened Survant Coal, evidently in a channel and analogous to the Cardiff, Kerton Creek, and Roodhouse coal beds. © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-36. Gamma ray/microresitivity log from the Elysium Energy No. 99 Coen borehole in sec. 9, T 3 N, R 9 E, Richland County, Illinois, illustrating the log response of the lower Carbondale Formation strata. © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-37. Generalized section in the Cardiff area, northeastern Livingston County, Illinois, based on a composite of drilling records. © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-38. Block diagram showing stratigraphic relationships of the lenticular Kerton Creek and Summum (now Houchin Creek) coals to adjacent strata and the channel of Pleasantview sandstone cutting to Colchester Coal. From Wanless (1952, figure 3). Used with permission of the Nova Scotia Geological Survey. +
Figure 4-39. Drawing showing the Kerton Creek Coal with middle clastic layer, which may be the division between the Wheeler and Bevier Coals. From Searight (unpublished manuscript, 1925-1927, figure 22). +
Figure 4-4. Thickness of the Carbondale Formation in Illinois. From Willman et al. (1975), based on a map by K.E. Clegg. Copyright ©1975 University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-40. Composite section of Roodhouse Coal, based on ISGS unpublished field notes by G.H. Cady, T.A. Hendricks, J.R. Van Pelt Jr., and H.R. Wanless. © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-41. Reference section of the Lagonda Member in Illinois, a composite of a graphic log based on continuous core from the ISGS Elysium Energy No. 1 borehole and the gamma ray/resistivity log from the closely adjacent Elysium Energy No. 7 Wasson
borehole, both in sec. 27, T 4 N, R 9 E, Richland County, Illinois. © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-42. Reference section for the Breezy Hill Limestone Member in La Salle County, Illinois. From Smith et al. (1970). Copyright © 1970 University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-43. Section from the ravine northeast of Summum, showing the Houchin Creek Coal and enclosing strata. Data from Wanless (1957, p. 204-205). © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-44. Graphic log of core (partial) from Freeman United Coal Mining Company hole C-1-74 in sec. 23, T 12 N, R 6 W, Macoupin County, Illinois, the principal reference section for the Excello Shale and Houchin Creek Coal Members in Illinois. © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-45. Graphic logs from three cores drilled by Rust E & I in St. Clair County, Illinois, illustrating the unnamed gray shale that locally occurs between the Houchin Creek Coal and the Excello Shale. © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-46. Type section of the Hanover Limestone Member, based on ISGS unpublished field notes by J.R. Van Pelt Jr. and T.A. Hendricks (1927). © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-47. Four graphic columns from the St. Louis area illustrating local thickening of the Hanover Member on the flank of the Ozark Dome. Column 1 from data from Rubey (1952) and ISGS unpublished field notes by H.R. Wanless et al. Column 2 modified from Knight (1933) and Searight (1959), with data from Gentile and Thompson (2004). Knight (1933) reprinted by permission of the American Journal of Science. Searight (1959) used with permission of the Missouri Geological Survey. Column 3 from unpublished data by W.J. Nelson and J.A. Devera. Column 4 modified from Nelson (2005). Copyright © 2005 University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-48. Type section of the Covel Conglomerate Bed. From ISGS unpublished field notes by H.B. Willman (1929, 1930). © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-49. Gamma-ray, density, and lithologic log from the Energy Plus ME-13 borehole in sec. 31, T 4 S, R 6 E, Hamilton County, Illinois, the type section for the Delafield Member. © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-5. Chart showing the chronostratigraphic classification and correlations among the Illinois, Midcontinent, and Northern Appalachian Basins for the Carbondale Formation and adjacent strata. Data from Peppers (1996) and Heckel (2013). Not to scale. © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-50. Thickness (in feet) of the clastic interval between the Houchin Creek and Springfield Coals, here named the Delafield Member. Map from Nelson et al. (2020), after Wanless et al. (1970). Copyright © 2020 University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-51. Graphic columns of two sections in Fulton County, Illinois, illustrating the Delafield or Morgan School Member. Data from Wanless (1957). Note “extra” coal (Briar Hill?) in left column. © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-52. Generalized section from La Salle County, northern Illinois, showing what may be the Delafield or Morgan School Member. Modified from Willman and Payne (1942). Copyright © 1942 University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-53. Gamma ray/resistivity log from the Peabody Natural Gas No. 2 Short test hole in sec. 14, T 7 5, R 9 E, Hamilton County, Illinois, illustrating the Delafield Member and bounding units. © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-54. Graphic log of the Kerr-McGee No. 7629-16 borehole in sec. 29, T 7 S, R 6 E, Saline County, Illinois, the type section of the Galatia Member. © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Map for Figure 4-55. Cross section of Galatia channel in Raleigh area, Saline County. © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-55. Cross section of the Galatia channel based on logs of oil-test holes
near Raleigh in Saline County, Illinois. © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-56. Graphic log based on core from an Abandoned Mines Reclamation Council borehole in sec. 21, T 16 N, R 4 W, Sangamon County, Illinois, the principal reference section for the Springfield Coal Member. © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-57. Map showing the thickness of the Springfield Coal in Illinois, Indiana, and western Kentucky. From ISGS unpublished map by W.J. Nelson (2014), modified from Hatch and Affolter (2002). Original figure used courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey. +
Figure 4-58. Type section of the Dykersburg Shale in Williamson County, Illinois, based on ISGS unpublished field notes by M.E. Hopkins and R.A. Peppers (February 1967). © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-59. Graphic logs of two Pyro Mining Company boreholes in Saline County, Illinois, the reference sections for the Dykersburg Shale. © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-6. Measured section of the Seelyville Coal in its type area south of Seelyville in Clay County, Indiana. The section was formerly exposed in the highwall of the Amax Coal Company Chinook surface mine in NE1/4, sec. 19, T 12 N, R 12 W, Clay County, Indiana (after ISGS mine notes described by J.T. Popp, R.J. Jacobson, and J.C. Cobb). Modified from Jacobson (1987), using current terminology. Copyright © 1987 University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-60. Composite section based on 15 cored test holes at the Turner Mine site, the type locality for the Turner Mine Shale Member. From Nelson (1983a). Copyright © 1983 University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-61. Logs of ISGS McCormick No. 1 borehole in sec. 21, T 8 S, R 8 E, Gallatin County, Illinois, the reference sections for Canton Shale, Briar Hill Coal, and Big Creek Shale. © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-62. Map of the Streator, Illinois, area showing the locations of the Klein Bridge and Greenhouse sections of Willman and Payne (1942) and the location of Spring Lake. Modified from Willman and Payne (1942). Copyright © 1942 University of Illinois Board of Trustees. Base map is a Streator 15-minute topographic sheet, used courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey. +
Figure 4-63. Klein Bridge and Greenhouse sections of Willman and Payne (1942), the reference sections for the Vermilionville Sandstone Member. These sections also illustrate the presence of the Energy Shale Member above the Herrin Coal in northern Illinois. Data from Willman and Payne (1942, p. 295). © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-64. Reference section for the Vermilionville Sandstone Member.
Data from Wanless (1957, p. 207, geologic section 44). Location is a ravine in
E1/₂ SE1/₄, sec. 8, T 6 N, R 3 E, Fulton County, Illinois. © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-65. Section based on data from Willman and Payne (1942) in which the Vermilionville Sandstone, as they called it, directly underlies the Herrin Coal. This sandstone actually represents the Walshville Member. Location is on the south bank of the Vermilion River in sec. 31, T 33 N, R 2 E, LaSalle County, Illinois. © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-66. Type section of the Antioch Limestone Member, based on data from Wier (1961). Data used under Creative Commons license CC BY-NC-SA 3.0. +
Figure 4-67. Graphic log based on core from Kentucky Geological Survey borehole WKUG-9 drilled in Carter section 17-P-19, Union County, Kentucky. This is the reference section for the Briar Hill Coal. © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-68. Diagram modified from Willman and Payne (1942) illustrating the relationship of Spring Lake Coal to adjacent units. Copyright © 1942 University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-69. Graphic log based on core from Peabody Energy borehole no. 15-H7, sec. 15, T 6 N, R 8 W, Sullivan County, Indiana, the reference section for the Bucktown Coal Member of previous authors. After Willman and Payne (1942). Copyright © 1942 Illinois State Geological Survey. +
Figure 4-7. Graphic log of Indiana Geological Survey borehole SDH-306 in sec. 2, T 2 S, R 7 W, Pike County, Indiana. Data from Hasenmueller and Ault (1991). This core is the reference section for the underlined members. © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-70. Graphic log of part of the core from Arch Minerals borehole 57 in sec. 14, T 6 S, R 4 W, Perry County, Illinois, the type section of the Percy Limestone Member (new to this report). © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-71. Graphic column at Burning Star No. 4 Mine showing the Percy Limestone Member. Modified from Palmer and Dutcher (1979). Copyright © 1979 University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-72. Correlations between Illinois and Missouri, with special reference to the Higginsville (Missouri) and Percy (Illinois) Limestone Members. Left column © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. Right column modified from Gentile and Thompson (2004). Used with permission of the Missouri Geological Survey. +
Figure 4-73. Five well logs illustrating the Walshville channel and Walshville Member in Franklin County, southern Illinois. Well 2 is the type log for the Walshville Member. © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-74. Graphic log of the Madison Coal Corp. No. 25 borehole from sec. 12, T 8 S, R 3 E, Williamson County, Illinois, the reference section for the Herrin Coal Member. © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-75. Photograph illustrating the great thickness of the Herrin Coal close to the Walshville channel. This photograph was taken circa 1915 in the Old Ben No. 9 underground mine near West Frankfort in Franklin County, Illinois. Wearing a soft cap with open-flame carbide lamp and smoking a pipe, the miner is undercutting the coal seam in preparation for drilling shot holes and blasting with black powder. Photograph donated to ISGS by the Illinois Mining Institute. +
Figure 4-76. Hand specimen of “blue band.” Photograph 2008 by Scott D. Elrick. © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-77. The “blue band” at a site where the Herrin Coal is reduced to thin streaks of coal, box cut at the Francisco Mine, Gibson County, Indiana. Photograph 2010 by Scott D. Elrick. © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-78. Graphic log of Freeman Coal Company borehole No. 06-01-72 drilled in sec. 16, T 3 S, R 2 E, Jefferson County, Illinois. This core serves as a reference section for the Energy Shale and Anna Shale Members. © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-79. Lens of Energy Shale sharply truncated by Anna Shale in the Orient No. 4 underground mine, Williamson County, Illinois. Photograph 1976 from ISGS files. The geologist is Christopher Ledvina. © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-8. Graphic log of part of the Snow Hill Coal Corp. Talleydale Mine boring no. 1, a reference section for the Seelyville Coal Member. Location is in sec. 20, T 13 N, R 9 W, Vigo County, Indiana. © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-80. Thin lens of Energy Shale truncated with an angular contact by the overlying Anna Shale at the Orient No. 4 underground mine, Williamson County, Illinois. Laminations in the Energy Shale can be seen on the left side of the photograph. The knobby lower surface of the Brereton Limestone can be seen at the top of the image. Approximate height of view is 5 ft (1.5 m). Photograph 1976 from ISGS files. © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-81. Strongly jointed, sheety Anna Shale in the roof of the Orient No. 4 underground mine, Williamson County, Illinois. Photograph 1976 from ISGS files. Brunton compass for scale. © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Figure 4-9. Composite section for west-central Illinois. After Wanless (1957), with current names and correlations to Indiana, Kentucky, and southern Illinois. © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +
Plate 4-1. Generalized chart showing named members and beds of the Carbondale Formation. All are members unless “bed” is specified. © University of Illinois Board of Trustees. +