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Lithostratigraphy
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Chronostratigraphy
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Allostratigraphy
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Hydrostratigraphy
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Primary source

Willman, H. B., Elwood Atherton, T. C. Buschbach, Charles Collinson, John C. Frye, M. E. Hopkins, Jerry A. Lineback, and Jack A. Simon, 1975, Handbook of Illinois Stratigraphy: Illinois State Geological Survey Bulletin 95, 261 p.

Contributing author(s)

Charles Collinson and Elwood Atherton

Name

Original description

The Tioga Bentonite Bed of the Grand Tower Limestone (Ebright et al., 1949, p. 10).

Derivation

Named for Tioga County, Pennsylvania, where it was first discovered in drill cuttings from the Tioga gas field.

Other names

===History/background=== ==Type section== ===Type location=== ===Type author(s)=== ===Type status=== ==Reference section== ===Reference location=== ===Reference author(s)=== ===Reference status=== ==Stratigraphic relationships== ==Extent and thickness== The Tioga Bentonite Bed is widely present in Illinois 10-30 feet below the top of the formation, but no outcrops have been found (Meents and Swann, 1965), except recently in a quarry at Tuscola in Douglas County. Although possibly as much as 6-8 inches thick in southeastern Illinois, it most commonly is only 1-2 inches thick. Its occurrence is patchy, but it has been observed in more than 100 wells and can be recognized on sonic logs even in areas where it is only a quarter of an inch thick. ==Lithology== The Tioga Bentonite Bed is greenish to brownish gray shale that contains biotite flakes and an abundance of mixed layer clay minerals that distinguish it from the normal shales. ==Core(s)== ==Photograph(s)== ==Contacts== ==Well log characteristics== ==Fossils== ==Age and correlation== ==Environments of deposition== ==Economic importance== ==Remarks== ==References== EBRIGHT, J. R. , C. R. FETTKE, and A. I. INGHAM, 1949, East Fork-Wharton gas field, Potter County, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania Geological Survey Bulletin M30, Series 4, 43 p.<br> MEENTS, W. F., and D. H. SWANN, 1965, Grand Tower Limestone (Devonian) of southern Illinois: Illinois State Geological Survey Circular 389, 34 p. {{Codes |membercode=6090 |geo_unit=-- }}

History/background

Type section

Type location

Type author(s)

Type status

Reference section

Reference location

Reference author(s)

Reference status

Stratigraphic relationships

Extent and thickness

Lithology

Core(s)

Photograph(s)

Contacts

Well log characteristics

Fossils

Age and correlation

Environments of deposition

Economic importance

Remarks

Reference(s)

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