Historical:Galena Group: Difference between revisions

From ILSTRAT
Jump to navigation Jump to search
 
(No difference)

Latest revision as of 16:41, 12 January 2017

Handbook of Illinois Stratigraphy
Series Bulletin 95
Author H. B. Willman, Elwood Atherton, T. C. Buschbach, Charles Collinson, John C. Frye, M. E. Hopkins, Jerry A. Lineback, Jack A. Simon
Date 1975
Link Web page
PDF PDF file
Store ISGS Store

Lithostratigraphy: Ottawa Limestone Megagroup >>Galena Group
Chronostratigraphy: Paleozoic Erathem >>Ordovician System >>Champlainian Series >>Trentonian Stage
Allostratigraphy: Tippecanoe Sequence

Authors

H. B. Willman and T. C. Buschbach

Name Origin

The Galena Group is named for Galena in Jo Daviess County.

Type Section

Several sections in the vicinity of Galena have been designated the type section of the Galena Group.

Other Names

The Galena Group is equivalent to the Trenton Group of New York, the Lexington Limestone of Kentucky, and the Nashville Group of Tennessee.

Extent and Thickness

The Galena Group is present in all of Illinois (fig. O-21) except (1) the areas where the older rocks are exposed in central northern Illinois and in Calhoun County and (2) an area along the crest of the La Salle Anticline, largely in La Salle County, where Galena strata were eroded before deposition of the Pennsylvanian rocks. The Galena is extensively exposed in northern Illinois (fig. O-2B, C), but elsewhere it crops out only in small areas on anticlinal structures in Calhoun, Monroe, and Alexander Counties. The Galena Group is 250-275 feet thick in the northern outcrop area, but the upper part is truncated by the Cincinnatian Series in central Illinois, and south of there the group is only 100-125 feet thick.

Stratigraphic Position

The Galena Group (Hall, 1851, p. 146-148 ; Kay, 1935b, p. 289; Templeton and Willman, 1963, p. 93) consists of limestone and dolomite formations overlying the Platteville Group and underlying the Maquoketa Group of the Cincinnatian Series. Hall put the base of the Galena in the Decorah Subgroup, either at the top or the base of the Guttenberg Formation; Kay raised it to the top of the Decorah; and Templeton and Willman lowered it to the base of the Decorah, which is the present usage in Illinois. The group is divided into two subgroups (fig. O-22)- the Decorah at the base is a shaly unit and the Kimmswick above it is relatively pure limestone and dolomite. The shaly Dubuque Formation, although included as the top of the Galena Group in northwestern Illinois, is not included in the Kimmswick Subgroup.

Description

The Galena Group has three major facies (fig. O-23). A fine-grained limestone facies is present only in extreme northwestern Illinois, where as much as 50 feet of limestone at the base of the group changes rapidly to dolomite southward and eastward. In most of northern Illinois, the group is entirely dolomite. Southward, the lower part becomes limestone, and a short distance south of La Salle only the uppermost part is dolomite. The lower part is largely coarse calcarenite, overlain by fine-grained limestone. Still farther south, the fine-grained limestone is truncated so that the group is entirely calcarenite and calcarenitic limestone.

Fossils

Galena Group strata are generally fossiliferous (fig. O-5), but fossils are poorly preserved in the dolomite facies. Receptaculites oweni, an alga (fig. O-5), is perhaps the most characteristic fossil, but several zones characterized by abundance of certain species of brachiopods and bryozoans are persistent (fig. O-24).

References

HALL, JAMES, 1851, Lower Silurian System: Upper Silurian and Devonian Series, in Report on the geology of the Lake Superior land district, Part 2: U.S. 32nd Congress Special Session, Senate Executive Document 4, p. 140-166; American Journal of Science, v. 17, p. 181-194.
KAY, MARSHALL, 1935b, Ordovician System in the Upper Mississippi Valley: Kansas Geological Society Guidebook, 9th Annual Field Conference, p. 281-295.
TEMPLETON, J. S., and H. B. WILLMAN, 1963, Champlainian Series (Middle Ordovician) in Illinois: Illinois State Geological Survey Bulletin 89, 260 p.

ISGS Codes

Stratigraphic Code Geo Unit Designation
7550
Og