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Willman, H. B., and John C. Frye, 1970, Pleistocene Stratigraphy of Illinois: Illinois State Geological Survey Bulletin 94, 204 p.

H. B. Willman and John C. Frye

Harkness Silt Member, Banner Formation (Willman and Frye 1970).

Named for Harkness Creek, Adams County.

The type section is the Zion Church Section (table 6) 2 miles southeast of Marblehead, SE SE SW Sec. 9, T. 3 S., R. 8 W. At this locality the member is exposed in a roadcut adjacent to a tributary to Harkness Creek and is about 6 feet thick. <center> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |- |'''Table 6 -- Stratigraphic Sections (partial)'''<br>The following 21 stratigraphic sections describe exposures in Illinois and illustrate many of the aspects of Pleistocene stratigraphy. These sections contain the type localities for 21 rock-stratigraphic units, 4 soil-stratigraphic units, and 3 time-stratigraphic units and include paratypes for several other units. The sample numbers preceded by "P" are the numbers used in the Illinois State Geological Survey collections. Analytical data on many of these samples are on file at the Survey. The sections are arrange alphabetically by name. |- |<gallery caption="" widths=250px heights=250px perrow=4> 94-tb_6-l.jpg|{{file:94-tb_6-l.jpg}} 94-tb_6-m.jpg|{{file:94-tb_6-m.jpg}} </gallery> |} </center>

It rests on the Afton Soil developed in outwash and it is overlain by till of the Banner Formation of Kansan age.

It consists of massive, calcareous, gray and tan silt with some fine sand. The mineral composition of the silt (table 5) indicates a northwestern source. <center> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |- |<gallery caption="Table 5 -- Selected Analyses From Stratigraphic Sections Described in Table 6 (X-ray analyses by H. D. Glass, Illinois State Geological Survey)." widths=250px heights=250px perrow=4> 94-tb_5-.jpg|{{file:94-tb_5-.jpg}} </gallery> |} </center>

The Harkness Silt Member is also present in the Havana region, where it was called early Kansan silt if bedded and pro-Kansan loess if massive and loess-like (Wanless, 1957). Wanless also noted the local presence of leached, dark greenish gray silt overlying bedrock and overlain by Kansan till, or in a few places by Illinoian till. The age of these silts is questionable. They have been called Aftonian or Yarmouthian according to the age of the overlying till. As they generally occupy the position of the Harkness Silt, they are included at present in the Harkness, pending more detailed study and differentiation. <br> The Harkness Silt Member is early Kansan in age. It originated as a proglacial silt deposited in front of the Kansan glacier advancing from the northwest. The Harkness Silt Member is also present in the Havana region, where it was called early Kansan silt if bedded and pro-Kansan loess if massive and loess-like.

place a <pre><br></pre>at the end of a line to get a line return WANLESS, H. R., 1957, Geology and mineral resources of the Beardstown, Glasford, Havana, and Vermont Quadrangles: Illinois Geological Survey Bulletin 82, 233 p.

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