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Lithostratigraphy
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Chronostratigraphy
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Allostratigraphy
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Hydrostratigraphy
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Primary source

Willman, H. B., Elwood Atherton, T. C. Buschbach, Charles Collinson, John C. Frye, M. E. Hopkins, Jerry A. Lineback, and Jack A. Simon, 1975, Handbook of Illinois Stratigraphy: Illinois State Geological Survey Bulletin 95, 261 p.

Contributing author(s)

M. E. Hopkins and J. A. Simon

Name

Original description

The Bond Formation of the McLeansboro Group (Kosanke et al., 1960, p. 39, 50, 70-73).

Derivation

Named for Bond County, where exposures are prominent.

Other names

History/background

Type section

Type location

Seven separate outcrops in three counties constitute the type section (NE NE NE 3, 10N-2W, Montgomery County; SE NE 28, 12N-1W, Christian County; NE NW SE 7, 8N-2W, Montgomery County; east-central 24, 6N-5W, S 1/2 7, 6N-4W, E edge 6, 7, 6N-4W, and SW NW 29, 7N-4W, Bond County).

Type author(s)

Type status

Reference section

Reference location

Reference author(s)

Reference status

Stratigraphic relationships

It includes all strata from the base of the Shoal Creek Limestone Member or the La Salle Limestone Member to the top of the Millersville Limestone Member or the Livingston Limestone Member (fig P-2). <center> <gallery caption="" widths=250px heights=250px perrow=4> Figure P-2.jpg|alt=Stratigraphic chart showing the Bond Formation within the McLeansboro Group and its position between bounding limestone members in the Pennsylvanian System of Illinois.|{{file:Figure P-2.jpg}} </gallery> </center>

Extent and thickness

The Bond Formation varies from less than 150 feet thick in eastern Illinois to over 300 feet in southeastern Illinois and averages about 250 feet (fig. P-15). <center> <gallery caption="" widths=250px heights=250px perrow=4> Figure P-15.jpg|alt=Geologic map or cross-section illustrating the thickness variation of the Bond Formation across Illinois, showing areas of greater thickness in the southeastern part of the basin.|{{file:Figure P-15.jpg}} </gallery> </center>

Lithology

The Bond is characterized by a high percentage of limestone and calcareous clays and shales. The limestone members that bound the formation are the thickest and purest limestones in the Pennsylvanian System of Illinois. The upper limestone is as much as 50 feet thick and the lower is in places as much as 30 feet thick. Both are extensively quarried. In southern Illinois, south of the area of prominent development, there is no major single bench of the Millersville, and the equivalent strata are difficult to identify. Red claystones and shales are present in the Bond and are best developed in northern Illinois. Other units of the formation - gray shales, siltstones, and sandstones - are similar to those in the underlying Modesto Formation. Gray shales constitute the greatest portion of the formation, but thick channel sandstones are developed locally.

Core(s)

Photograph(s)

Contacts

Well log characteristics

Fossils

Age and correlation

The formation is also called Bond in Indiana, and it is equivalent to a portion of the Sturgis Formation in western Kentucky.

Environments of deposition

Economic importance

Remarks

Reference(s)

place a <pre><br></pre>at the end of a line to get a line return KOSANKE, R. M., J. A. SIMON, H. R. WANLESS, and H. B. WILLMAN, 1960, Classification of the Pennsylvanian strata of Illinois: Illinois State Geological Survey Report of Investigations 214, 84 p.

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